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The convective heat transfer and flow resistance properties of water flowing through a twisted trilobed tube (TTT) with Reynolds numbers that ranged from 10,000 to 40,000 were examined in this work. Specifically, we examined how the tip circle radius ( r ), straight length ( l ), transition radius ( R ), and twist pitch ( S ) influenced the heat transfer and flow resistance in the tube. Our results showed that the TTT had an average Nusselt number ( Nu ) that was 30% higher than that of a plain tube, while the friction coefficient ( f ) increased by 39%. We also presented temperature and velocity field distributions and explained the enhanced heat transfer process using the field synergy principle. Furthermore, we found that a larger tip circle radius ( r ) and straight length ( l ), as well as a smaller transition radius ( R ) and twist pitch ( S ), led to better overall heat transfer performance of the TTT. Among the different cases evaluated, Case 7 had the highest overall heat transfer performance with a  PEC  of 1.37. The unusual structure of the TTT caused a rotating motion, which resulted in secondary and spiral flows that increased the synergy through the velocity and temperature fields. Finally, our research found a correlation with the Nusselt number ( Nu ) as well as the friction coefficient ( f ).

Numerical study on convective heat transfer and flow characteristics in twisted tri-lobed tubes