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Freezing efficiency was the main factor affecting the efficiency of cold chain logistics and transportation. To further the ice storage performance, three mathematical models of the ice storage equipments were established to explore the influence of the number and the diameter of the tubes on the freezing time, heat flux, and natural convection by analyzing the distribution of the ice fraction and velocity. The results showed that the total freezing time of Type II and Type III, which were arranged the micro-tube, were 76.42 min and 137.50 min, which was more than 90% less than that of type I. Due to a ring cavity of water appearing near the shell of the ice storage tank increased the water natural convection, the freezing time required to increase the ice fraction by 0.05 gradually increased especially with the ice fraction greater than 0.95. To better evaluate the ice storage performance, the freezing efficiency was introduced. The freezing efficiency of Type II and Type III was lower than that of Type I by more than 2.24% and 2.14%, respectively, for the ice fraction range of 0.75 ~ 1. Given the freezing time and ice storage efficiency, it could be found that using type II and making the ice storage rate reach 0.95 could shorten the freezing time and improve the ice storage efficiency.

Comparison study on three ice storage equipments using micro-tube heat exchanger for cold chain logistics