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An active indirect solar dryer (AISD) has been used to conduct drying experiments of beetroot slices without a thermal storage unit (TSU) (mode-I) and with TSU (mode-II) using paraffin wax as a phase change material. The performance analysis and drying curves of beetroot slices were assessed in both modes and compared. The average drying efficiency and drying rate were enhanced by 48.63% and 41.72% in mode-II compared to mode-I. Two-term exponential and modified Page models were the best models for beetroot slices in mode-I and mode-II, respectively. The specific energy consumption was estimated to be 1.706 and 0.96 kWh/kg, the average moisture diffusivity was 7.11 × 10 −9  and 7.22 × 10 −9  m 2 /s, and the mean mass transfer coefficients were 3.56 × 10 −3  and 3.64 × 10 −3  m/s, respectively. The specific moisture extraction rate was 0.586 and 1.041 kg/kWh and the mean heat transfer coefficient was 4.103 and 4.2 W/m 2 K, in mode-I and mode-II, respectively. The collector outlet temperature is increased by 2.5 to 10.7°C when the heat is discharged from TSU. In comparison to mode-I, the performance of AISD is superior in mode-II, exhibiting better drying performance due to TSU in the drying section in mode-II.

Performance analysis and drying kinetics of beetroot slices dried in an innovative solar dryer without and with thermal storage unit