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The combustion and emission characteristics of n-butanol/coal-derived naphtha blends in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode were experimentally researched on a retrofitted diesel engine. The effects of intake temperature ( Tin) and excess-air coefficient ( λ ) were mainly analyzed. The results show that the peak in-cylinder pressure ( Pmax) and peak heat release rate ( HRRmax) of all tested fuels show an overall increasing trend as  Tinrises. The combustion gets faster and more stable, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions decrease, and the indicated thermal efficiency ( ITE ) first increases and then decreases. When  Tinremains constant, the  Pmaxand  HRRmaxdecrease and the combustion phase delays as the n-butanol volume fraction increases; CO and HC emissions gradually increase, except for that of lower  Tin, which shows a trend of first reduction and then increase.  ITE  gradually decreases in general, but when  Tinis higher than 100°C, coal-derived naphtha containing 24% of n-butanol in volume (B24N76) exhibits the highest  ITE . In addition, for all tested fuels, both  Pmaxand  HRRmaxdecrease as  λ  increases and the combustion gets slower and less stable; CO and HC emissions deteriorate, and  ITE  gradually decreases. It is worth noting that B24N76 shows the best combustion stability for all  λ s and exhibits the lowest CO and HC emissions when  λ  are 3.0 and 3.5.

energy sources, part a: recovery, utilization, and environmental effects

Effect of n-butanol additive on the combustion and emission characteristics of a coal-derived naphtha homogeneous charge compression ignition engine under different parameters