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The demand for clean energy increases around the globe and for that purpose the need for new renewable installations increases. Floating photovoltaic power plants are being increased to accommodate the extraordinary usage of active land. These solar plants offer new investment opportunities for clean energy producers, but the rise of floating photovoltaic power plants is impacting marine ecosystems. This study aims to gauge the growth of green algae that is affected due to floating power plants by using a mathematical decay model and experimental results. A mathematical model is applied that consists of an ordinary differential equation for green algae decay estimation due to the unavailability of a light source. Additionally, an experimental chamber is constructed to create an artificial environment with an absence of high irradiance to determine the algal growth. Different sensors are installed that include temperature, humidity, and lux for data logging on each instance. The fresh green algae were kept in the experimental chamber to measure the decay rate. The result shows that the weight of fresh green algae drops from 40.9 to 37.7 g and the color transformed from green to dark brown, which shows the decrement in chlorophyll level in the period of 7 days. The mathematical model is simulated in MATLAB that validates the experimental results which show the decrement in NADPH concentration at minimum irradiance. Linear regression analysis was applied to the quantitative data obtained during the experimentation process that shows a linear relationship between a number of days and the decay of algae in the chamber. The experimental results also concluded that not only green algae were affected, but underwater oxygen levels were also reduced. Therefore, it is recommended to have a complete marine environmental analysis before the installation of a huge floating photovoltaic power plant.

Mathematical model validation of floating PV parks impact on the growth of green algae using experimental chamber