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Solar photovoltaic (PV) is the widely preferred power generation source to meet the growing energy demands. Solar PV system must be made highly reliable and effectively utilized during the availability of the source. System reliability is the predominant factor to be considered because of the possibilities of various faults and various operating conditions to which PV system is subjected. The present work addresses three major faults that commonly occur in solar PV system, namely, failure of bypass diode, failure of PV module, and power generation mismatch due to panel replacement. This proposed work deals with the detection and clearance of these three faults. The failure of PV module results in a higher power reduction of 82% in the PV array. The switching matrix circuit is proposed to enhance the power obtained from PV system under the module failure fault. The faults are manually created in a typical 1.5 kW grid-connected PV system and rectified to enhance the power production in the PV array. An average power enhancement of 14% is obtained after the clearance of the power mismatch due to panel replacement. With the help of double bypass diode technique, output power is enhanced to 55.2% higher compared to before fault clearance at the same irradiance level. The experimental results obtained in 1.5 kW grid-connected solar PV system are studied and validated.

Bypass diode and photovoltaic module failure analysis of 1.5kW solar PV array