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Increased release of harmful pollutants into the atmosphere caused by extensive utilization of nonrenewable fossil fuels paved the way for unearthing alternative renewable energy sources. One such alternative is biodiesel which is renewable and emits fewer amounts of greenhouse gases when blended with conventional diesel fuel. Hence, in the present study, biodiesel production has been carried out by exploiting the biomass resource sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for catalyst development and waste cooking oil (WCO) as low-cost lipid feedstock. Biochar was synthesized from SCB using simple activation-carbonization technique and the catalytic activity of biochar was determined by performing the transesterification of WCO. The catalyst properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The synthesized biodiesel was analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) spectroscopy and a maximum biodiesel conversion of 98.94% was achieved at 10 wt% catalyst concentration, 1:2 volumetric ratio of methanol to oil ratio, 120 min of reaction time, and 65°C reaction temperature.

Sugarcane bagasse derived biochar – a potential heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification process