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Tapioca is a starch extracted from cassava and is one of the most important products of the secondary food industry in developing countries such as Indonesia. However, the processing of cassava to extract tapioca generates nutrient-rich wastewater. In this paper, the bioelectricity and biomass production from microalgae  Spirulina platensis  within a hybrid Microalgae-Microbial fuel cell to reduce the chemical oxygen demand in wastewater from home-made tapioca industry is investigated. Native microbes in tapioca wastewater are used as inoculum in the anode chamber to generate electrons, while Spirulina culture in cathode chamber produces oxygen for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Cheap graphite rods, singlet or doubled, are used as electrodes and the influence of dark/light period is also studied. The experimental results show that the device generates electricity up to 14.47 ± 0.7 mW·m −2  when doubled graphite rods are adopted, the membrane surface area is 2.85 cm 2 , and dark/light cycle is 0:24. The chemical oxygen demand removal is 67% in this configuration, while the average productivity of Spirulina is approximately 55.38 ± 6.39 mg·L −1 ·day −1 , with average growth rate constant of 0.172 ± 0.015 day −1 . The proposed systems for tapioca wastewater treatment provides an encouraging way to reduce treatment costs, to generate renewable bioelectricity and to produce useful microalgae biomass.

energy sources, part a: recovery, utilization, and environmental effects

Electrogenic and biomass production capabilities of a Microalgae–Microbial fuel cell (MMFC) system using tapioca wastewater and  Spirulina platensis  for COD reduction