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The chromium, iron or zirconium oligomer cations pillared interlayered montmorillonite supported 10 wt% MnO x  were synthesized and studied for the flue gas NO x  removal in metallurgical sintering process. The physicochemical properties of these catalysts were detected by some characterization methods, such as XRD, N 2  adsorption–desorption, SEM, H 2 -TPR, and NH 3 -TPD. The Mn/Zr-PILM catalyst had the highest NO x  conversion with 91.8% at 200°C. And the Mn/Fe-PILM catalyst had the highest NO x  conversion between 140°C and 160°C. This is because zirconium or iron pillared montmorillonite increases the specific surface area and acidic sites of catalyst, which provided more adsorption sites and activation sites for NO and NH 3 , thus promoting low-temperature catalytic activity. The XRD results expressed that the pillared elements successfully pillared into Na-montmorillonite and the manganese active components had good dispersibility on the surface of catalyst. The N 2  adsorption–desorption isotherm indicated that the metal pillared carrier had fractured mesoporous structure and the specific surface area was increased. The Mn/Zr-PILM and Mn/Fe-PILM catalyst had abundant acidity with 61.56 μmol/g and 57.71 μmol/g, respectively. The large amount of acid sites favored the adsorption of ammonia in the Langmuir–Hinshelwood or Eley–Rideal mechanisms in the low-temperature NH 3 -SCR process. The Mn/Fe-PILM catalyst had the best N 2  selectivity and Mn/Cr-PILM has poor N 2  selectivity. This was due to that iron element restrains the side reaction for N 2 O production and chromium promoted the N 2 O production by strong oxidation.

energy sources, part a: recovery, utilization, and environmental effects

Chromium, iron or zirconium oligomer cations pillared interlayered montmorillonite carrier supported MnO x  for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO x  by NH 3  in metallurgical sintering flue gas