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High-frequency torsional vibration percussive drilling is considered a promising approach to improve drilling performance in deep hard formations, so studying its rock breaking mechanism and effect is the essential and basic issue. Compared with percussive-rotary drilling and high-pressure jet drilling, it can increase the service life of drilling tools and reduce drilling cost significantly. In this paper, based on elastic mechanics and principles of mechanical vibration, the cutting mechanism model of PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drill bit cutter and the amplitude–frequency characteristic model of steady-state vibration response of rock system are established, as well as the response characteristics of the rock system are also pointed out. Based on elastic–plastic mechanics and rock mechanics, Drucker–Prager criterion is adopted as the constitutive equation of rock, and plastic strain is used as the criterion of rock failure. Moreover, the model of rock damage failure is also established. The effect of exciting frequency on ROP (rate of penetration) has been studied by carrying out rock breaking test using high-frequency torsional vibration percussive drilling of PDC drill bit along with analyzing and handling test data. The study results show that when torsional vibration percussive frequency is approximately equal to inherent frequency of the rock, rock resonates with cutter, the plastic strain and ROP reach maximum, and drilling efficiency is the highest. The research results can help to deepen the understanding of the percussive drilling with high-frequency torsion vibration and provide useful insight into the design, application, and optimization of this new type of downhole tools in drilling engineering.

Rock breaking mechanism in percussive drilling with the effect of high frequency torsional vibration