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Objective:  To investigate the relaxation responses mediated by L-type Ca2+ channels and big-conductance Ca 2+ -activated K +  (BKCa) channels and histological changes in the human umbilical artery (HUA) and myometrium smooth muscle isolated from pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Methods:  The muscle reactivity and the histology of the smooth muscle of the HUA and myometrium retrieved from 14 women with IUGR and 14 controls were investigated by the isolated tissue bath and immunohistochemical method. Results:  In HUA, the maximum relaxation responses and pD2 values of nifedipine and NS11021 (BKCa channel opener) were significantly increased and significant histopathological changes are observed in the IUGR group. Conclusions : The pathogenesis of IUGR might be associated with the impairment in the functional responses of L-type Ca2+ channels and BKCa channels in HUA smooth muscle. The increased staining of myometrium and UC with HIF-1α in IUGR may indicate apoptosis, histological damage, and impaired fetal growth.

Functional and Histological Changes in Umbilical Artery and Myometrium Isolated from IUGR Complicated Pregnancies