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An urban arterial can be considered a series of intersections, intermediate sections (defined as those that link intersections and mid-block areas), and mid-block sections. The intermediate section is characterized by varying speed characteristics at its entry and exit. A vehicle exiting the intersection and entering the intermediate section would accelerate and gradually attain uniform speed when it leaves the intermediate section (entry to the mid-block). Most of the reported travel time studies considered the delays at intersections and the travel times in mid-blocks to get the network level travel time without paying attention to the variability of speeds and travel time at intermediate sections. The present study concentrates on the travel time estimation of the intermediate section, which is not well-discussed in the literature. A speed estimation scheme was developed for the entry and exit of the intermediate section (characterized by varying speed ranges) using a dynamic model-based estimation scheme that captured the speed variations effectively. Intermediate link travel time was then estimated using a weighted average speed-based method. The effects of heterogeneity and limited lane discipline in the traffic stream of mixed traffic were considered using two model formulations, one that represented the traffic stream in Passenger Car Units (PCU) and the other in different vehicle classes for travel time estimation. The developed estimation schemes can be used as a possible application in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for real-time estimation of travel time at urban arterials under mixed traffic conditions.

Dynamical systems approach for travel time prediction in intermediate section under mixed traffic conditions