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The objective of this research was to use the hydrogen peroxide as eco-friendly washing product to achieve a fading effect by creating a desirable gray vintage-look on sulfur black-dyed jean fabric. Visual appearance and colorimetric study using spectrophotometer showed that only the new two-steps process developed in this study helps to get the desirable look appearance with a good fastness. The (K/S) sum  value of the two-steps process washed fabric decreased significantly (23.9% and 38.1% for washing at 80°C and 95°C, respectively). The SEM photos indicated that the physical properties of the cotton fibers are changed by effect of the peroxide hydrogen washing two-steps process. Indeed, a part of the cuticle is removed and the natural twists is disappeared with a specific tendency to fibrillation causing roughness and chemical heterogeneity of the fabric surface. The surface wettability of the two-steps process washed fabric was deeply changed as estimated by the initial contact angle values, the droplet spreading, the absorbency kinetics, and the total processing time of spreading.

journal of natural fibers

Wettability and Colors Changes of Sulfur Black Dyed Cellulosic Materials after New Ecological Washing Treatment: Experimental Study and Empirical Models