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Pashmina is the fine undercoat of the  Changthangi  goats ( Capra hircus ) with Keratin-associated proteins ( KAPs ) as one of its main structural components.  KAPs  form a semi-rigid matrix in which the Keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) are embedded. In the present study, an attempt was made to elucidate the polymorphism of  KAP16.6  gene loci and its association with fiber yield and quality traits (fine yield, mean fiber diameter, mean fiber length, and guard hair percentage). A total of 103 animals of  Changthangi  goats were randomly selected and genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples. After amplification of the coding region of  KAP16.6  (254 bp) gene, restriction digestion with  Hind III enzyme (AAG/CTT) produced two polymorphic patterns in the  Changthangi  goats. The genotypic distribution of the designated genotypes A 1 A 1  (0.0), A 2 A 2  (0.379), and A 1 A 2  (0.621) of  KAP16.6  gene varied significantly ( p  &lt; .01) from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Missense mutation AGC (Serine) &gt; AAC (Asparagine) was identified at  KAP16.6  locus in  Changthangi  goats for the first time. The genetic variability parameters for the gene loci analyzed were: heterozygosity value 0.4283, PIC: 0.3366, effective allele no 1.7492 and Shannon index (I) of 0.6196. The estimated PIC value reflected median polymorphism exhibited by the  Changthangi  goat population under study for the selected gene. Statistical analysis further revealed a significant effect of  KAP16.6  genotype on the fiber length ( p  &lt; .05) whereas the effect was nonsignificant for other  Pashmina  production traits under study. The results from the present study have practical significance in the breeding plans for  Changthangi  goats in this region for improved production performance.

Genetic Polymorphism and Association of KAP16.6 Gene with Pashmina Fiber Traits in Changthangi Goats