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The present study was concerned with the extraction of natural colorant from kermes oak ( Quercus coccifera  L.) fruits and the application of the extracted dye on wool fibers in the presence and absence of various mordants. The effect of dyeing time and dye bath temperature were investigated. The effect of mordant type with different mordanting methods on dyeing quality was also examined. Four salt metals were used in this study; ferrous sulfate, stannous chloride, alum, and copper sulfate. The effect of these mordants on color of dyed wool samples was investigated in terms of CIELab (L*, a*, b*) and K/S values. Light, washing, and rubbing fastness of dyed samples were evaluated according to ISO standards. The obtained shades for the control samples were brown; while the mordanted samples a wide range of light to dark brownish colors with a significant enhancement in color strength values. The results indicated that mordanting gave deep shades and enhanced fastness properties.

Sustainable Dyeing of Wool Fabric Using Kermes Oak ( Quercus Coccifera L) as Source of Natural Colorant