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This study quantifies the spatio-temporal distribution of electric buses’ (EBs) electricity consumption characteristics and identifies the most electricity-saving operations from both instantaneous movements and driving conditions considering road types and bus routes. First, the real-world EB operating data collected from four EBs are divided into segments. Factors that influence the value of two energy consumption indexes (electricity consumption rate,  ECR , and electricity consumption factor,  ECF ) are assessed. The study finds that an increasing average speed of a bus leads to a lower value of  ECF , suggesting a less aggressive and a more efficient driving style. Further,  ECFs  are clustered into four states (very low/low/medium/high) to identify the energy-saving situation. The result shows that the most energy-saving speed ranges for expressways, arterial roads, and local roads during peak hours are 45–50 km/h, 35-40 km/h and 25-30 km/h, respectively. Findings from this study can be applied for eco-driving suggestions to drivers in order to improve the efficiency of EB operation system.

Identifying route-wise energy-saving driving operations of electric buses with real-word measurements