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Airfoil’s aerodynamic characteristics are vital for the design and performance evaluation of wind turbine rotor blades through blade element momentum theory. Generally, the airfoil’s aerodynamic characteristics are evaluated at an approximated fixed Reynolds number. However, during a typical operation of a wind turbine, the Reynolds number varies along the length of the blade as well as with wind speed. Since airfoil’s aerodynamic characteristics are dependent on Reynolds number, inadequate consideration of Reynolds number in blade element momentum theory may result in discrepancy in an optimum design and performance evaluation. In the present work, the influence of inadequate consideration of Reynolds number on design and performance evaluation of a small horizontal axis wind turbine blade is studied. For the study, a wind turbine blade design with various design considerations, including a range of design tip speed ratio (5, 6, 7, and 8) and a range of inadequately approximated fixed (i.e., 0.5, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 million) and operational Reynolds number for aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil, is considered. The study suggests that inadequate fixed Reynolds number consideration for blade design and performance evaluation can result in blade solidity as high as 17.1% with respect to blade design considering operational Reynolds number consideration and discrepancy in power coefficient prediction as high as 3.6% with fixed Reynolds number consideration for aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil.

Influence of Reynolds number consideration for aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil on the blade design of small horizontal axis wind turbine