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A series of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) co- or terpolymers as PAN-based carbon fiber precursors was prepared using methyl acrylate (MA) as neutral comonomer and fumaric acid (fa) or maleic acid (ma) as acidic comonomer which is trans/cis isomer, respectively. In order to establish the optimized condition of polymerization, PAN polymers with different acrylonitrile weight ratios (92, 94, and 96 wt%) were synthesized with appropriate yield via stepwise solution polymerization system. The efficiency of cyclization reaction of PAN polymers containing fa or ma were dramatically improved as compared to PAN homopolymer, and initiation of cyclization showed a rapid progress at 210 °C despite short thermal treatment time during thermal oxidative stabilization (TOS). Additionally, the char yield of PAN co- or terpolymers was reasonable value which was similar to PAN homopolymer.

Synthesis of PAN-based carbon fiber precursors containing fumaric acid or maleic acid as novel comonomers