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Unique polyaniline (PANI)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposite polymer substrate electrodes (NPSEs) were prepared using  in situ  polymerization. PMMA microbeads (10 mm) were also added as fillers inside the NPSEs during polymerization. Different weight percentages of MWCNTs (1, 2, and 5 wt.%) were added to the NPSEs. The surface morphology of the PANI/PMMA/MWCNTs NPSEs was studied by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction. Thermal stability was studied by thermo-gravimetric analyses and differential thermal analysis. Meanwhile, the four-probe analyzer and the solar simulator determined the electrical conductivities and photovoltaic parameters of the NPSEs based solar devices. The synthesized NPSEs with optimized compositions PANI/PMMA (1%)–MWCNTs (5%) showed superior photovoltaic performance along with improved thermal and electrical conductivities. Therefore, these NPSEs possess a future potential for the fabrication of solar devices in the field of solar energy applications.

molecular crystals and liquid crystals

Synergistic effects of polyaniline/poly(methyl methacrylate)/carbon nanotubes in nanocomposite polymer substrate electrodes for solar energy applications