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In a deregulated power system, with a limited power system framework, alleviation in power transfer has been one of the most crucial problems. This alleviation of bulk power transmission came with congestion, where a transmission line transmits power very near the constrained thermal limits. Congestion has to be mitigated for reliable, economical, and stable operation of the power system. Congestion can be mitigated by applying several methods which may be cost-free or non-cost-free. This article presents a cost-free method employing TCSC as a FACTS device. FACTS devices are very costly. To make the TCSC operation economic, LUF and DLUF are used here to optimally locate the device. TCSC is used here as a variable impedance device. A novel hybrid heuristic optimization technique where Grey Wolf optimizer is merged with Particle Swarm Optimizer to optimize the size of TCSC. The proposed method is implemented to regulate the line reactance for congestion mitigation. The power loss and voltage deviation of the system are reduced by the proposed method to relieve the system congestion. The system security margin is enhanced significantly to make the system more reliable. The proposed algorithm is validated on IEEE 30 bus system and is also validated by comparing the results with parent algorithms. The results reveal that the proposed methodology successfully minimized the objectives for mitigating congestion.

Sensitivity Factor-Based Congestion Mitigation in DPS Applying Novel Hybrid GWPSO