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Inverter-based distributed generation (DG) units in microgrid (MG) call for robust and precise control methods that attain high performance under both normal and unbalanced conditions. Efficient control scheme needs to be investigated for the proper operation of a microgrid in both grid-tied and islanding condition. Using the excellent performance of slide mode controller(SMC) for nonlinear loads and the ability of proportional resonant(PR) controller to precisely track reference sinusoidal signal, a cascaded SMC and PR controller has been proposed for stable operation of microgrid. The phenomenon of chattering a drawback in SMC is eliminated by using fixed frequency switching of the inverter circuit using smooth control law in a narrow boundary layer. For effective sharing of the loads among different DER’s during isolation mode of operation a droop controller is proposed. The proposed controller showed excellent results for linear and nonlinear loading. To analyze the performance of droop controller, proposed for parallel operation of two DG units, simulations are performed under linear and distorted load conditions. Results obtained shows that proposed cascaded controller and droop controller improves the output by the reduction of the total harmonic distortion (THD), high degree of robustness, fast response time, and efficient power sharing among DG units.

electric power components and systems

Fixed Frequency Slide Mode Controller Cascaded with Proportional Resonant Controller and Droop Controller a New Approach for an Effective 3-Phase Microgrid under Islanded Operation