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Unsystematic use of city waste, sludge and sewage water in agricultural fields elevated the heavy metal load in soil warranting critical introspection. The present study aims to delineate heavy metals in polluted soils of peri-urban Kolkata, determine pollution and ecological risk, assess the heavy metal uptake and human dietary risk in commonly cultivated crops. Total 36 sampling points were selected and paired sampling of soil and crops were done. Significant available heavy metal (mg kg-1) in surface soil like Cd (0.72-3.76), Pb (28.59-87.29), Ni (3.11-8.73), and Cr (2.23-8.43) and in crops as Cd (0.55-2.73), Pb (2.82-29.85), Ni (2.45-8.27) and Cr (0.80-6.85) was observed. Use of machine learning revealed soil pH and organic carbon as the influencing factors of heavy metal contamination. Moderate to considerable environmental and ecological risk was observed. Substantial carcinogenic risk was observed as Cd (1.13x10-3 to 3.77x10-4), Pb (2.75x10-4 to 3.47x10-5), Ni (1.15x10-3 to 1.73x10-4), and Cr (2.78x10-4 to 1.18x10-4), for almost all crops, with a general trend of spinach &gt; cabbage &gt; radish &gt; red amaranthus &gt; bottle gourd &gt; maize. The results can serve as the baseline information to enforce policy decisions for solving this conundrum of managing waste and saving human lives.

Appraisal of environmental, ecological and carcinogenic risk due to heavy metals in a sewage and solid waste contaminated area