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Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a master regulatory factor for melanocytes. MITF regulates multiple pigmentary genes for maintaining cellular homeostasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in numerous biological processes however their molecular/cellular mechanisms to regulate pigmentation have not been fully explored. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of miRNAs in skin depigmentation via regulation of MITF gene. Depigmentation in C57BL/6 black mice was induced by an autoimmune response against tyrosinase. Bioinformatics approach was used to detect miRNAs conserved in 3′untraslated region (3′UTR) of MITF mRNA. The iMC23 mouse melanocytes were used for transfection experiments. The data demonstrated that the MITF mRNA/protein was markedly low in lesional skin of depigmented mice (p &lt; 0.05). Targetscan genomic database determined that 3′UTR of mouse MITF constitutes 4819 nucleotide bases and has 23 conserved sites for different miRNAs To validate the pairing of these predicted miRNAs with MITF mRNA, five miRNAs were deregulated in lesional skin (p &lt; 0.05). Among them, mmu-miR-181a-5p and mmu-miR-183-5p were up-regulated, whereas mmu-miR-26a-5p, mmu-miR-26b-5p and mmu-miR-32-5p were down-regulated (p &lt; 0.05). To verify these results, the iMC23 mouse melanocytes were used. Transfection of iMC23 cells with specific miRNAs mimics or inhibitors or with 3’UTR reporter clone of MITF, showed only mmu-miR-183-5p binds to 3’UTR of MITF mRNA and regulates its expression in iMC23 melanocytes. In conclusions, this is the first study shows that miR-183-5p is a direct regulator of MITF in iMC23 melanocytes. Thus, miR-183-5p is an important regulator of melanocytes homeostasis and may be a novel target for autoimmune depigmentation therapy.

MicroRNA-183-5p regulates MITF expression in vitiligo skin depigmentation