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Platycladus orientalis  is a significant woody plant for phytoremediation in heavy metals contaminated soils. The growth and tolerance of host plants under the lead (Pb) stress were enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). To evaluate the adjustment by AMF on growth and activity of antioxidant system of  P. orientalis  under Pb stress. The two-factor pot experiment was conducted with three AM fungal treatments (noninoculated,  Rhizophagus irregularis , and  Funneliformis mosseae ) and four Pb levels (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg kg −1 ). AMF increased dry weight, phosphorus uptake, root vitality, and total chlorophyll content of  P. orientalis  in spite of Pb stress. Compared with nonmycorrhizal treatments, mycorrhizal  P. orientalis  had lower H 2 O 2  and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under Pb stress. AMF increased Pb uptake in roots and decreased the Pb translating to the shoots yet under Pb stress. Total glutathione and ascorbate in roots of  P. orientalis  were decreased by AMF inoculation. Mycorrhizal  P. orientalis  had higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in shoots and roots than nonmycorrhizal counterparts. Mycorrhizal  P. orientalis  under Pb stress showed higher expression of  PoGST1  and  PoGST2  in roots than that in CK treatments. Future studies will explore the function of induced tolerance genes by AMF of  P. orientalis  under Pb stress.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve growth and tolerance of Platycladus orientalis under lead stress