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Stachys brachyclada  de Noé ex Coss. (Lamiaceae) is a quite rare medicinal plant endemic to the Mediterranean basin. In this study, seven secondary metabolites from a methanol extract of its leaves have been isolated and identified by a combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR experiments and ESIMS analysis). They include one ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate ( 1 ), three acylated flavone glycosides ( 2 – 4 ), one diapigenin derivative ( 5 ) and two flavone aglycones ( 6 – 7 ). Stachysetin ( 5 ) was found the major compound of the extract (74.0 mg/g of dry matter). Moreover, the produced extract showed the ability in inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme (IC 50  = 13.7 µg/mL), in quenching the radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (EC 50  = 74.6 µg/mL), and in reducing the intracellular oxidative stress level in Human Dermal Fibroblast (64% inhibition at 50 µg/mL).

Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of a methanol extract from Stachys brachyclada de Noé ex Coss. leaves