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The root extract of  Suregada zanzibariensis  Baill. afforded six previously described  ent -abietane diterpenoids, namely 7-oxo- ent -abieta-5(6),8(14),13(15)-trien-16,12-olide ( 1 ), mangiolide ( 2 ), 8,14 β :11,12 α -diepoxy-13(15)-abietane-16,12-olide ( 3 ), 7 β ,11 β ,12 β -trihydroxy- ent –abieta-8(14),13(15)-diene-16,12-olide ( 4 ), 8α,14-dihydro-7-oxo-jolkinolide E ( 5 ), jolkinolide A ( 6 ), together with 3 β -sitosterol ( 7 ), scopoletin ( 8 ) and vanillin ( 9 ). Their structures were deduced through 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, and HRESIMS, as well as by comparison of the NMR data with those reported in the literature. The crude extract and compounds  1 – 9  were evaluated for their antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Mangiolide ( 2 ) showed strong  in vitro  antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and resistant (W2) strains of  Plasmodium falciparum  with IC 50  values of 0.79 and 0.87 µg/mL, respectively, while  3  (IC 50  1.24 and 1.17 µg/mL) was less active than  2 . Compound  2  also displayed antimicrobial activity against  Cryptococcus neoformans , methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant  Enterococcus faecium  (VRE) with IC 50  values of 1.20, 3.90 and 7.20 µg/mL, respectively.

Antiplasmodial and antimicrobial activities of e nt -abietane diterpenoids from the roots of Suregada zanzibariensis