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Alectra parasitica  subsp.  chitrakutensis  (M.A. Rau) K.K. Khanna &amp; An. Kumar (Orobanchaceae) is a parasitic plant indigenous to India. Locally, the plant is known as ' Midaki  and  Nirgundikand' . It is used to treat fever, piles, cardiovascular disorders, and blood-borne non-infectious diseases by ethnic communities. The phytochemical investigation of  A. parasitica  subsp.  chitrakutensis  rhizome led to the isolation of azafrin ( 1 ), rehmaionoside-C ( 2 ), and mussaenoside ( 3 ). Compounds ( 2)  and ( 3 ) are being reported for the first time from this plant. Compounds were evaluated for their intercellular glucose uptake activity in basal and insulin-TNF-α-stimulated L6 muscle cells. In particular, rehmaionoside C exhibited activity comparative to metformin, increasing uptake by basal- and insulin-TNF-α - stimulated cells by 4.88- and 3.90-fold and 5.04- and 4.04-fold. While azafrin and mussaenoside have produced 3.03- and 2.36-fold; 4.03- and 3.22-fold increase in intercellular glucose uptake. Compounds did not show toxicities in rat L6 myoblast cells. The study suggests that rehmaionoside-C from  A. parasitica  subsp.  chitrakutensis  might activate glucose uptake by insulin mimics and could be a nontoxic anti-diabetes lead for drug discovery.

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Stimulation of glucose uptake by glycosides from  Alectra parasitica  subsp.  chitrakutensis  (M.A. Rau) K.K. Khanna &amp; An. Kumar: An  in-vitro  study of TNF-α induced insulin resistance in L6 myoblasts