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Millingtonia hortensis  L.f. and  Oroxylum indicum  (L.) Kurz (Bignoniaceae) are native species from the Asian continent. They are popularly used in traditional medicine and their extracts are rich in flavonoids. In this work, ethanolic extracts of stems and leaves of these species were evaluated against the Chikungunya, Zika and Mayaro virus. The extracts were subjected to analysis by ultra-efficient liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Additionally,  M. hortensis  leaves extract was fractionated, leading to the isolation of hispidulin. Anti-arboviral activity against the three viruses was detected for  M. hortensis  leaves extract with EC 50  ranging from 37.8 to 134.1 µg/mL and for  O. indicum  stems extract with EC 50  ranging from 18.6 to 55.9 µg/mL. Hispidulin inhibited viral cytopathic effect of MAYV (EC 50  value 32.2 µM) and CHIKV (EC 50  value 78.8 µM). In LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis we characterized 25 flavonoids confirming once again the presence of these substances in extracts of these species.

natural product research

Anti-arboviral activity and chemical characterization of hispidulin and ethanolic extracts from  Millingtonia hortensis  L.f. and  Oroxylum indicum  (L.) Kurz (Bignoniaceae)