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Three new furanoxanthones, macochinxanthones A–C ( 1 – 3 ) and sixteen known xanthones ( 4 – 19 ) were isolated from the roots of  Maclura cochinchinensis.  Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including NMR, UV and IR, as well as mass spectrometry. Chiral-phase HPLC analysis of  1 – 3  revealed that they were scalemic mixtures with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of 0.05%, 36.8% and 8%, respectively. Most of the isolated xanthones exhibited potent cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines (KB, HelaS3, A549 and HepG2) with IC 50  values in the range of 1.29–90.15  µ M. In addition, many of them displayed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Methicillin resistant  Stephylococus aureus  (MRSA) with MIC values in the range of 4–128  µ g/mL.

Cytotoxic and antibacterial xanthones from the roots of Maclura cochinchinensis