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The present study aimed to assess the effects of epileptic treatment of the aerial part of  Bupleurum chinense  DC. in kainic acid (KA)-induced epilepsy rats and LPS-induced BV2 cells, as well as to identify the active chemical constituents. The in  vivo  and  vitro  results showed that 20% ethanol elution fractions of the aerial part of  B. chinense  DC. (BCE-20) and 70% ethanol elution fractions of the aerial part of  B. chinense  DC. (BCE-70) could improve the epileptic state of the rats and status epilepticus (SE%). Moreover, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-Orbitrap- mass spectrometry (MS) analysis identified BCE-20 and 70 as flavonoids and phenylpropanoids, respectively. The mechanistic analysis also showed that BCE-20 and 70 could regulate neurotransmitter abnormalities and suppresses the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Notably, BCE-20 and 70 could regulate the Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)/nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NF-κB)/inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα) pathway to inhibit the neuroinflammation. Our findings support the ethnopharmacological use of the constituent polyphenols and flavonoids from the aerial part of  B. chinense  DC., as the strong anti-epileptic agents.

Identification and potential mechanism of different components from the aerial part of Bupleurum chinense DC. for epileptic treatment