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Serine protease Inhibitors (SPIs) abundantly reported in plant storage organs constitute important candidate molecules for antimicrobial and anticancer therapeutics. Our earlier studies had identified antimicrobial protein/or peptides (AMP) from  Zingiber zerumbet  rhizomes designated  ZzAMP  inhibiting serine protease (SP) of necrotrophic phytopathogen,  Pythium myriotylum . Considering the high ethno-medicinal applications of  Z .  zerumbet  rhizomes, present study evaluated the anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic properties of  ZzAMP . Though  ZzAMP  displayed low radical scavenging activity (IC 50  1000 µg/ml), it exhibited considerable anti-bacterial activity towards the nosocomial pathogen  Klebsiella pneumonia  (93%), which produced maximal extracellular protease (30.6 ± 1.47 U/ml) amongst the pathogens screened. Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of  ZzAMP  revealed decrease in viability of cancer cell line, HeLa (IC 50  115.09 μg/ml) compared to normal cells, L929 (IC 50  299.95 μg/ml). Present experiments showing antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of  ZzAMP  with minimal damage to normal cells are indicative of its potential as a promising nutraceutical protein.

natural product research

Anti-microbial and cytotoxic activity of  ZzAMP , a serine protease inhibitor (SPI) with nutraceutical potential from rhizomes of medicinal plant,  Zingiber zerumbet