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Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 is a multifunctional ectoenzyme, which is implicated with hyperglycemic pathophysiology. Therefore, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors could be used as an attractive therapeutic strategy in blood-glucose homeostasis to attenuate the pathophysiologies of diabetes. A sulfated galactofucan characterized as [→1)- O -4-sulfonato- α -fucopyranosyl-(2→1)- O -2-sulfonato- α -fucopyranose-(3→] along with a branch of [→1)-6- O -methyl- β -galactopyranosyl-(4→] unit at the C-4 position of  O -2-sulfonato- α -fucopyranose, isolated from the seaweed  Padina tetrastromatica , exhibited prospective attenuation property against dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (IC 50  0.25   mg mL −1 ). The studied sulfated galactofucan exhibited potential inhibitory properties against carbolytic enzymes  α -amylase (IC 50  0.98   mg mL −1 ) and  α -glucosidase (IC 50  0.87   mg mL −1 ) in comparison with the standard antidiabetic agent acarbose, along with radical scavenging activities. The seaweed-originated galactofucan could be developed as a promising natural therapeutic lead against hyperglycemic disorder.

Sulfated galactofucan from seaweed Padina tetrastromatica attenuates proteolytic enzyme dipeptidyl-peptidase-4: a potential anti-hyperglycemic lead