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Five compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of  Caesalpinia sinensis  stems and leaves including a new cassane-type butenolide norditerpenoid compound ( 1 ) and a new type of biphenyl compound ( 2 ); the compounds were identified as Norcaesalpin-one ( 1 ), 4'-hexyl 3-methyl 6-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,4'-dicarboxylate ( 2 ), rhapontigenin ( 3 ), 3-deoxysappanchalcone ( 4 ), isoliquiritigenin ( 5 ). Compounds  1 - 5  were first isolated from  C. sinensis . Their structures were elucidaded on the basis of MS, IR, NMR spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction data analyses. The NGF-induced PC12 differentiation assay was performed on compound  1 , and the results showed that compound  1  had a promotive effect on PC12 cell differentiation, with a differentiation rate of 12.32%. In addition, compounds  1 - 5  were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four human cancer cell lines (including A-549, BGC-823, MDA-MB-231, HepG2), and the results showed that compounds  3 - 5  showed inhibitory activity against these cancer cell lines with IC 50  values ranging from 22.96 to 74.92 μmol/L, compound  4  showing the best activity against human malignant melanoma cells A375 with an IC 50  value of 22.96 μmol/L.

Study on the chemical composition of Caesalpinia sinensis