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Stevioside is the major component of  Stevia rebaudiana  (Bertoni) leaves, family Asteraceae. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses of leaves total methanol extract (TEx) and standardized butanol fraction (BF, 113.5 mg stevioside/g) were performed herein, revealing steviol glycosides, caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, flavonoids, and sesquiterpenoids. Their hepatoprotective activities against radiation-induced toxicity were evaluated compared to pure stevioside. Rats pretreatment with stevioside, TEx, and BF orally for 7 days before subjection to 6.5 Gy whole-body-gamma-irradiation reversed histopathological damages; improved liver functions and restored depleted antioxidants. ALT and reduced-glutathione levels showed insignificant changes, compared to control, by (5.22%, 3.20%, 24.90%) and (−0.47%, −3.95%, −2.63%), respectively. Glutathione- S -transferase, catalase, and MDA levels were significantly ameliorated. Liver tissue molecular profiling showed reduction in elevated TNF-α by 23.83%, 29.06%, 28.34%, respectively, and in NF-kB and COX-2 expression levels via immunohistochemical study. BF showed better hepatoprotective activity than TEx which may be attributed to higher stevioside, flavonoids, and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives content.

natural product research

UPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling and hepatoprotective activities of Stevia leaves extract, butanol fraction and stevioside against radiation-induced toxicity in rats