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Bixasteroid ( 1 ), one new steroid together with five known compounds ( 2 – 6 ), were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of  Bixa orellana  fruits. All of these known compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of compound  1  was determined by X-ray crystallographic data analysis as well as by the quantum chemical ECD calculations. All the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds  1  and  2  showed inhibiting NO release activities in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages with the IC 50  values of 4.72 ± 0.28 and 5.48 ± 1.48  μ M, respectively.

Bixasteroid, a new compound from the fruits of Bixa orellana and its anti-inflammatory activity