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An extensive phytochemical investigation of the EtOH/H 2 O (7:3) extracts of  Sida rhombifolia  L. and  Sida acuta  Burm. f., yielded a previously undescribed ceramide named rhombifoliamide ( 1 ) and a xylitol dimer ( 2 ), naturally isolated here for the first time, as well as the thirteen known compounds  viz , oleanolic acid ( 3 ),  β -amyrin glucoside ( 4 ), ursolic acid ( 5 ),  β -sitosterol glucoside ( 6 ), tiliroside ( 7 ), 1,6-dihydroxyxanthone ( 8 ), a mixture of stigmasterol ( 9 ) and  β -sitosterol ( 10 ), cryptolepine ( 11 ), 20-Hydroxyecdysone ( 12 ), ( E )-suberenol ( 13 ), thamnosmonin (1 4 ) and xanthyletin (1 5 ). Their structures were elucidated by the analyses of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1 D and 2 D NMR, and HRESI-MS) and by comparison with the previously reported data. The crude extracts, fractions, and some isolated compounds were tested against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2)  Plasmodium falciparum  strains. All the tested samples demonstrated moderate and/or significant activities against 3D7 (IC 50  values: 0.18―20.11 µg/mL) and Dd2 (IC 50  values: 0.74―63.09 µg/mL).

natural product research

Chemical constituents of two Cameroonian medicinal plants:  Sida rhombifolia  L. and  Sida acuta  Burm. f. (Malvaceae) and their antiplasmodial activity