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Myrcia eriopus  DC. (Myrtaceae) is a native and endemic Brazilian species, and there is no information about its chemical composition. In our study, five different anthocyanins and two other phenolic compounds were described for the first time in  M. eriopus  fruits. Delphinidin 3- O -glucoside  (1) , cyanidin 3- O -glucoside  (2) , petunidin 3- O -glucoside  (3) , peonidin 3- O -glucoside  (4) , malvidin 3- O -glucoside  (5) , gallic acid  (6)  and myricetin  (7)  were identified by offline system RP-HPLC-DAD/ESI-QTOF-MS and compared to the scientific literature. Furthermore, the lyophilized powder of  M. eriopus  fruits showed a high anthocyanin content (1878.14 mg cy-3-glu eqv/100 g f.w.), with greater levels of compounds  1  and  3 , and an antioxidant potential in DPPH and ABTS assays (EC 50  2419 μg/mL and 339 μmol Trolox/g f.w.), results superior to other non-conventional Brazilian fruits. This first report about the chemical composition of  M. eriopus  fruit reveals the potential of this fruit as a new source of bioactive anthocyanins.

Myrcia eriopus DC. (Myrtaceae) fruits, a new endemic Brazilian source of bioactive anthocyanins