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A phytochemical investigation on the fruits of  Artocarpus heterophyllus  led to the isolation and characterisation of a new prenylated coumarin, artoheteronin ( 1 ), together with six known analogues ( 2 − 7 ). The chemical structure of  1  was elucidated using extensive spectral methods and the known compounds ( 2 − 7 ) were identified by comparing their spectral data with those reported in the literature. All known compounds ( 2 – 7 ) were isolated from the genus  Artocarpus  for the first time. The anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV activities of all isolated prenylated coumarins (1–7) were assessed  in vitro.  As a result, compounds  1 – 7  displayed notable inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells  in vitro  with the IC 50  values in range of 0.58 ± 0.06 to 6.29 ± 0.12 μM. Meanwhile, compounds  1 – 7  exhibited notable anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activities possessing EC 50  values in the range of 0.18 to 9.12 µM.

Prenylated coumarins from the fruits of Artocarpus heterophyllus with their potential anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV activities