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An undescribed conjugated sesquiterpene, amelicarin ( 1 ), together with nine known compounds ( 2 – 10 ) were isolated for the first time from  Melicope latifolia . Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric methods. The conjugated sesquiterpene possesses a unique 6/6/9/4-ring fused tetracyclic skeleton. The proposed biosynthesis pathway of  1  consist of three reactions steps: (1) polyketide formation, (2) cyclisation and (3) addition to form the conjugated sesquiterpenoid as final metabolite. Out of the ten isolated metabolites, amelicarin ( 1 ) showed activity against 4 cancerous cell lines namely SK-MEL skin cancer, KB oral cancer, BT-549 breast cancer, and SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer with IC 50  values between 15 and 25 µg/mL.

Cytotoxic constituent of Melicope latifolia (DC.) T. G. Hartley