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Phytochemical investigation of  Flacourtia rukam  Zoll. &amp; Mortizi ( F. rukam ) leaves and bark led to the isolation and characterization of seventeen compounds of which four phenolics were not previously described; 2-[(benzoyloxy)methyl]-phenyl- O - β -xylosyl-(1→2)- β -glucopyranoside ( 1),  2-[(benzoyloxy)methyl]-4-hydroxyphenyl- O - β -xylosyl-(1→2)- β -D-glucopyranoside ( 2 ), 2-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)phenoxy- β -glucopyranoside ( 3 ) and biphenyl-1,1′,2,2′-tetraol ( 5 ). Interestingly, the later compound is known as a synthetic but this is the first report for its isolation from nature. Chemical structures were established using extensive analysis of spectroscopic data (1 D and 2 D NMR and HRESIMS). Biphenyl-1,1,2,2′-tetrol ( 5 ) exhibited a good activity against  Trypanosoma brucei  trypomastigotes with IC 50 = 6.66 ug/mL. Compounds  2 ,  5 ,  9 ,  10 ,  11  and  12  showed a good  in-vitro  anti-inflammatory activity using proteinase inhibitory assay. On the contrary, all tested compounds were inactive as antileishmanial or antimalarial.

Four new phenolics and antiparasitic secondary metabolites from Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mortizi