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To search for antifungal leads, the metabolites of an insect-derived fungus  Fusarium lateritium  ZMT01 were investigated, providing five sesquiterpenes ( 1–5 ), including new molecules microsphaeropsisins D and E ( 1  and  2 ). The evaluated antifungal activities  in vitro  which are higher than the positive control triadimefon include:  1  and  2  towards  Fusarium oxysporum  (MICs 50, 25 mg L −1 ; triadimefon 100 mg L −1 );  1 ,  2 ,  4  and  5  towards  Penicillium italicum  (MICs 25, 12.5, 25, 25; triadimefon 50 mg L −1 ),  1 ,  2  and  4  towards  Colletotrichum musae  (MICs 25, 12.5, 25; triadimefon 80 mg L −1 ),  2  and  4  towards  Fusarium graminearum  (MICs 100, 100; triadimefon 150 mg L −1 ). The bioassay  in vivo  displayed that the banana anthracnose control effect of  2  (100 mg L −1 ) was also higher than that of triadimefon (Inhibition ratios 27.5 ± 2.5%, 55.3 ± 1.4%, 52.1 ± 1.3% for  2 , 22.5 ± 2.1%, 47.2 ± 2.0%, 36.6 ± 2.2% for triadimefon at 4 d, 8 d and 12 d, respectively).

Antifungal sesquiterpenes with post-harvest anthracnose control effect on bananas from the fungus Fusarium lateritium