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Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of pathologies caused by infectious agents or parasites, including the protozoa  Leishmania  sp. and  Trypanosoma cruzi , which cause leishmaniasis and Chagas disease, respectively. The complications of the treatment regimen indicate the urgent need to search for new strategies and therapeutic agents. Among these is the essential oil of  Psidium myrsinites  DC. The essential oil of the leaves (PMEO) was evaluated  in vitro , and cytotoxic activity was analysed against promastigotes of  Leishmania braziliensis  and  Leishmania infantum  and epimastigotes of  Trypanosoma cruzi , as well as mammalian cells. The results showed that the PMEO had relevant activity against  L. braziliensis , low cytotoxicity and a high selectivity index SI = 6.6. These results suggest that PMEO has antiparasitic potential against  L. braziliensis , making this species is a possible alternative therapeutic source, given its effectiveness in the  in vitro  tests performed, opening the possibility of new biological studies  in vivo .

Leishmanicidal and trypanocidal potential of the essential oil of Psidium myrsinites DC.