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Systematic phytochemical investigation of the bark and leaves of  Betula alba  was independently conducted. A new cyclic diarylheptanoid glucoside ( 1 ), five diarylheptanoids ( 2 – 6 ), a phenylethanoid ( 7 ), a methyl salicylate glycoside ( 8 ), a dihydrobenzofuran glucoside ( 9 ), an arylbutanoid glycoside ( 10 ), two lignan glycosides ( 11  and  12 ), a flavanone glucoside ( 13 ), and a triterpene ( 14 ) were isolated from the bark of  B. alba . On the other hand, two cyclic diarylheptanoids ( 15  and  16 ), five flavonoids ( 17 – 21 ), a phenylpropanoid ( 22 ), a phenylbutanoid glucoside ( 23 ), and a monoterpene glucoside ( 24 ) were obtained from the leaves of  B. alba . The structures of the isolated compounds ( 1 – 24 ) were identified on the basis of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds  1 – 24  were subsequently examined for aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activity. Compounds  14  and  17 – 20  moderately inhibited AR activity with IC 50  values ranging from 6.6 to 34 µM.

Chemical constituents and aldose reductase inhibitory activities of Betula alba bark and leaves