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The article analyses the Georgian Dream (GDDG)-driven engagement politics towards the Kremlin and in this context Georgia–Russia relations, which deteriorated during the pandemics, and this is amid repeated accusations towards the GDDG by the political opponents on being pro-Russian.  What happened, why has GDDG failed to shift external frontier from Russia by practicing the engagement politics, i.e. filtered political discourse and cooperative initiatives ? The research claims that the external frontier is sedimented and unmalleable within existing political arrangements with the Kremlin. Hence, despite targeted efforts and success in establishing small ‘islands of cooperation’ with Russia, the GDDG-driven engagement politics failed to redress external frontier. The difficulties to move external frontier became obvious gradually through years of no substantive results in mitigation of the three-tier warfare: (1) territorial, (2) cyber and (3) disinformation by the Kremlin. Russia initiated full-scale disinformation warfare, however, against the Richard Lugar Public Center for Public Health Research has been arguably a turning point for the GDDG’s decision to retire the proactive engagement politics and maintain a status quo without falling a victim to Russia’s full-scale military intervention or/and provocations instead. Such an approach can be best described as pro-pragmatic ‘wait and see’ policy towards the Kremlin.

Georgia’s external frontier on Russia sedimented and unmalleable: engagement politics and the impact of the three-tier warfare