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Assisted reproductive technology (ART), an effective treatment modality for infertility, is associated with a higher prevalence of congenital anomalies such as congenital heart defects (CHDs). The present study aimed to evaluate data linking CHDs in infants to pregnancies resulting from  in vitro  fertilization (IVF) and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In this study, we conducted a systematic literature search on CHDs in infants following IVF/ICSI in Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases from inception to February 2020. The search strategy used combinations of search keywords that included assisted reproductive technology/ART,  in vitro  fertilization/IVF, intracytoplasmic sperm injection/ICSI, birth defect, congenital malformation, and congenital heart defects. Fifty-six studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected in the current systematic review, which assessed the association between ART and the risk of CHDs. Children conceived by IVF/ICSI manifested an increased risk of CHDs compared with spontaneously conceived children. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term cardiovascular safety of these techniques, which is important for the counseling of patients before the use of ART.

The association between in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment and the risk of congenital heart defects