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This systematic review aimed to quantify the acute and longitudinal effects that occur with weighted vests during sprint-running. PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched using the Boolean phrases (vest OR trunk) AND (sprint*) AND (resist* OR weight OR load*). From 170 articles retrieved, 11 studies (6 acute, 5 longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria. Vest loads (5–40% body mass) were found to significantly increase acute over-ground times (10–50 m 4.1–16.9%, effect sizes [ES] = 0.93–3.11) through significantly decreased velocity (−2.2% to −17.3%, ES = −0.41 to −3.19), horizontal force (−5.9% to −22.1%, ES = −0.85 to −3.30), maximal power (−4.3% to −35.6%, ES = −0.32 to −3.44), and flight times (−8.3% to −14.6%, ES = −0.88 to −1.03), while increasing contact times (14.7–19.6%, ES = 1.80–3.17). Treadmill sprints were less effected until loads &gt;11% body mass were used. Improvements in velocity (1.2–1.3%, ES = 0.24–0.37) and times (10–50 m 1.2–9.4%, ES = 0.25–3.30) were found in longitudinal studies (5.6–18.9% body mass, 3–7 weeks). Future studies should focus on determining the optimum load and volume to clearly establish the training benefits of this form of resisted sprinting.

Acute and longitudinal effects of weighted vest training on sprint-running performance: a systematic review