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The association between the administration of vaccines containing diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) and febrile seizures (FSs) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of FSs after the administration of DTaP-containing vaccines in Chinese children aged 1 to 23 months. A self-controlled case series (SCCS) design was adopted based on data from the Ningbo Regional Health Information Platform (NRHIP). The observation period was from 1 to 23 months of age. The relative incidences (RIs) within 0 to 3 days, 4 to 7 days, and 0 to 7 days after the administration of DTaP-containing vaccines were estimated. The remaining observation period was the control period. The RIs within 0 to 3 days, 4 to 7 days, and 0 to 7 days after any dose of DTaP-containing vaccines were 1.14 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.52), 0.89 (95% CI 0.65 to 1.23), and 1.02 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.26), respectively. This study provides reassuring evidence that there is no increased risk of FSs immediately after the administration of DTaP-containing vaccines, which might serve to reassure both professionals and families with regard to the risk of FSs associated with DTaP-containing vaccines.

Lack of association between febrile seizures and vaccines containing diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis in Chinese children