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Rescue station is an important part of the extra-long railway tunnel, which can provide smoke-free refuge for evacuated passengers. For the fire research of the rescue station, the influence of the burning train running on the smoke spread characteristics has not been considered in the previous studies. In this work, the influence of the train running on the fire smoke spread characteristics in the rescue station was investigated using the numerical method, and the accuracy of the numerical methodology was confirmed by the 1:20 scale model experiment. Then, the influence of the burning train running on the temperature and visibility distribution in the rescue station was analysed by dynamic and static simulation. The results demonstrate that the temperature and soot density of the smoke are low when the burning train was running in the tunnel, which makes fire detection very difficult. For the smoke spread characteristics of the rescue station, the main impact of the burning train running is visibility, and the influence time is 30 s when the heat release rate of the fire source was 15 MW. For dynamic simulation, when the burning train stops at the rescue station, the maximum heat transfer power between the smoke at the top of the tunnel and the concrete lining is 1.51 MW, accounting for 10.1% of the heat release rate of the fire source.

Influence of the train running on the fire smoke spread characteristics in the rescue station