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Political culture is congruent with the regime’s form in stable democracies as well as autocracies. In contrast, hybrid regimes are unstable by nature, and the relationship between political culture and regime legitimacy remains ambiguous. How does diffuse support for democracy influence the vote for the governing party in a hybrid regime? By employing the Turkish case as an example and using four nationally representative samples, we discover that being an active citizen and participating in civic political engagement decrease the probability of voting for the governing party. Preferring a strong leader and a stable government over a democratic one and feeling satisfied with the current level of democracy have the opposite effect. Previous literature suggested the lack of a democratic political culture in Turkey. In contrast to these findings, the results show traces of civic culture and the presence of democratic notions.

turkish studies

The relationship between diffuse support for democracy and governing party support in a hybrid regime: evidence with four representative samples from Turkey