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This study examines the Indonesian soccer female supporters. The data were collected using in-depth interviews (direct, personal and unstructured interviews) with 165 respondents. According to the obtained results, the characteristics of female supporters are stronger than those of women in general. The supporters were college students as well as employed and unemployed individuals. Furthermore, the decision to support soccer was motivated by different reasons such as influence from parents and friends as well as stress relief. The coaching pattern was not structured; it was informal and based on kinship. Female supporters enhanced security by building facilities and recognizing gender equality and handling problems using their strengths. Organizationally, the presence of leaders influences loyalty. Therefore, there is no regulation from the government or other organizations. According to this study, there is a negative public perception of female supporters because of their impolite and improper behaviour. Additionally, women are generally not associated with supporting soccer. The obtained results are useful and form of a basis for creating a coaching model for female soccer supporters.

Female supporters of Indonesian Soccer: characteristics, coaching patterns, expectations and community perception